MRI in follow-up assessment of sciatica treatment
A randomised controlled trial comparing surgery with conservative care for sciatica after lumbar disc herniation suggests that MRI at follow-up does not distinguish between patients with favourable and unfavourable outcomes after treatment.

Antibiotics and community-associated Clostridium difficile infection
A meta-analysis finds that recent use of antibiotics is associated with an increased risk of Clostridium difficile infection in adults who have not been admitted to a healthcare facility. Some classes of antibiotic are associated with a greater risk than others. 

Interventions to improve physical activity in socioeconomically disadvantaged women
A systematic review and meta-analysis finds that group interventions are better than individual or community interventions at improving physical activity among socioeconomically disadvantaged women.

Impact of smoke-free legislation on population health
Two population-based studies record small but significant reductions in the incidence of both preterm birth and emergency hospital admissions for asthma after the introduction of smoke-free legislation.

Effect of housing improvements on health
A systematic review finds some evidence that warmth and energy efficiency improvements to housing produce health benefits for the inhabitants.

Case study from the Quality, Improvement, Productivity and Prevention (QIPP) collection
We highlight 1 new example from the QIPP collection demonstrating how NHS organisations have implemented new local practices that have both cut costs and improved quality.

• Stratified cancer pathways – redesigning services for those living with or beyond cancer 

Evidence Update
NICE has recently published an Evidence Update on:

• Post-traumatic stress disorder